In baseball, pitcher is a player who throws a baseball from a pitcher mound to a catcher to start each game, in order to stop the dough, which tries to make contact with a pitched ball or a walk. In the numbering system used to record a defensive game, the pitcher is numbered 1. The thrower is often regarded as the most important player in the defense side of the game, and thus lies at the right end of the defense spectrum. There are many types of pitchers, such as the initial pitcher, pitcher relief, center reliever, left-handed specialist, human setup, and closer.
Traditionally, jugs are also bats. Beginning in 1973 with the American League and spreading to further leagues throughout the 1980s and 1990s, the task of hitting pitchers has generally been given to the designated bat position, causing some controversy. The National League in Baseball Baseball and the Central League of Japan is one of the remaining leagues that has yet to adopt a designated bat position.
Video Pitcher
Overview
In most cases, the pitcher's goal is to give the pitch to the catcher without letting the dough hit the ball with the bat. Successful pitch is delivered in such a way that the batter allows the pitch to pass through the strike zone, swing the bat at the ball and miss it, or hit the ball poorly (resulting in pop flies or landing). If the dough chooses not to swing in the field, it is called attack if there is a ball passing through strike zone and ball when no ball passes through strike zone. The swing check is when the dough starts swinging, but then stops the short swing. If the dough manages to check the swing and the pitch is outside the strike zone, this is called the ball.
There are two legal pitching positions, windup and a set position or stretch . Either position can be used anytime; Normally, windup is used when the base is empty, while the specified position is used when at least one runner is at the base. Each position has certain procedures to follow. A balk can be called on the pitcher from both positions. The power of a pitcher is a person who depends on the speed of his pitches to succeed. Generally, power throwers account for a high percentage of strikeouts. A control pitcher succeeds by throwing an accurate throw and thus notes several steps.
Almost all the action during the game centered on the pitcher for the defensive team. The pitcher's special style, the time taken between pitch, and skill greatly influences the dynamics of the game and often determines the winner. Beginning with a pivot foot on a rubber pitcher in the center of a pitcher pitch, which is 60 feet 6 inches (18.44 m) from the home plate, the pitcher throws the baseball to the catcher, which is positioned behind the home plate and catch the ball. Meanwhile, the dough stands in the batter box on one side of the slab, and tries to hit the ball safely into a fair game.
The type and order of selected pitches depends on the particular situation in a game. Because the pitcher and catcher must coordinate each pitch, the hand signal system is used by the catcher to communicate the choice to the pitcher, which either vetoes or accepts by shaking the head or nodding. The relationship between the pitcher and the catcher is so important that some teams choose the initial catcher for a particular game based on the initial pitcher. Together, pitchers and catchers are known as batteries .
Although the object and mechanism of pitching remain the same, pitchers can be classified according to their role and effectiveness. The initial thrower starts the game, and he or she may be followed by various pitchers, such as long-acting, left-handed specialist, middle man, human stylist, and/or closer.
In Major League Baseball, every team uses Baseball Rubbing Mud to scrub the game balls before their pitchers use them in the game.
Maps Pitcher
Throw in game
Skilled throwers often throw different tones to prevent the batter from hitting the ball well. The most basic pitch is fastball, where the pitcher throws the ball as hard as he can. Some pitchers were able to throw a fastball at speeds of over 100 miles per hour (160 km/h, 150 ft/dt), ex., Aroldis Chapman. Other pitches are curveball, slider, changeup, cutter, sinker, screwball, forkball, fastball split-fingered, slurve, and knuckleball. It's generally meant to have unusual movements or to cheat the dough for rotation or ball speed, making it harder to hit. Very few pitchers throw all these pitches, but most use a subset or mix of basic types. Some pitchers also release the pitch from various angles of the arm, making it more difficult for the batter to take the flight off the ball. (See List of baseball pitches). A pitcher who does a good throw on a certain day is said to be carrying his "good stuff".
There are a number of different throwing styles used by pitchers. The most common style is the delivery of three quarters in which the pitcher arm is slammed down with the release of the ball. Some pitchers use delivery on the side whose arms are crossing toward the torso. Some pitchers use a submarine style in which the pitcher's body tilts sharply downward on delivery, creating an excessive gun movement where the pitcher's fingers come very close to the mound.
Effective pitching is very important in baseball. In baseball statistics, for every game, one pitcher will be credited with winning the game, and one pitcher will be charged with the loss. This is not necessarily the initial pitcher for each team, however, as busting can get a win and the starter will get a decision.
Rotation and specialization
Pitching is physically demanding, especially if the pitcher throws with maximum effort. Full games usually involve 120-170 throws thrown by each team, and most throwers start getting tired before reaching this point. As a result, the pitcher who started the game often will not be the one to finish it, and he may not recover enough to stroll for a few days. The act of throwing a baseball at high speed is very unnatural for the body and somewhat damaging to human muscles; thus pitchers are especially vulnerable to injury, pain, and general pain.
The team has devised two strategies to address this problem: rotation and specialization. To accommodate play almost daily, a team will include a group of pitchers who start the game and rotate between them, allowing each pitcher to rest for a few days between starts. The initial pitcher list is usually not in terms of skill. Exceptional throwers are highly sought after and in the professional ranks attract large salaries, so teams can seldom buy each slot in rotation with high quality pitchers.
The best starter in team rotation is called ace. She is usually followed by rotation by 3 or 4 other beginners before she will swing again. Except for injury or exceptional circumstances, an ace is usually a pitcher that begins on the Opening Day. Aces also prefers to start important games at the end of the season and in the playoffs; sometimes they are asked to break shorter if the team feels he will be more effective than the 4th or 5th starter. Usually, a further decrease in the initial pitcher rotation, the weaker it is compared to the others on the staff. The "5th starter" is seen as a cut-off between the initial staff and the bullpen . A team may have a designated fifth starter, sometimes known as a place starter or role that can shift cycles to cycles between a bullpen member or a Triple-A starter. Differences in rotation settings can also have tactical considerations, such as alternating right or left pitchers, to get rid of other teams that hit game-to-game in series.
The team has an additional thrower provided to replace the early pitcher of the game if he tires or proves ineffective. These players are called release throwers , busters , or collectively bullpen . Once the starter starts getting tired or start giving up hits and running a call is made to the bullpen to have a reliever start to warm up. This involves the reliever starting to throw an exercise ball into the coach at the bullpen so be ready to come and swing whenever the manager wants to attract the current pitcher. Having a warm-up warmer does not necessarily mean he or she will be used; The pitcher can now regain his composure and retire from the side, or the manager may choose to go with another reliever if the strategy determines. Generally, pitching changes will occur as a result of pinch batter being used in the final inning of the game, especially if the pitcher is in the batting lineup as it has no designated bat. The pereda will come out of the bullpen to throw the next inning.
When making pitching change, a manager will come out to the mound. He will then call the pitcher with the beat of the arm that throws the next pitcher. The manager or pitching coach can also go out to discuss strategy with the pitcher, but on his second journey to the mound with the same pitcher on the same inning, the pitcher has to get out. Help pitchers often have a more specialized role, and the special reliever used depends on the situation. Many teams pointed to one pitcher as closer , a special aid pitcher provided for the last inning swing or a turn from the game when his team had a narrow advantage, to sustain victory. Other aid roles include male set-up, center reliever, left-handed specialist, and long-time reliever. In general, pitch busters are less inning and throw fewer pitches than starters, but they can usually more often pitch without the need of a few days of rest between appearances. Relief throwers are usually people with "special items". Means that they have a very effective throw or a very different delivery style. This makes the dough see a very different pitching way in an attempt to get it out. One example is a pitcher launcher or submarine.
The position of the player is eligible to pitch in the game as well, but this is rare because the player is not really trained as a pitcher and the risk of injury. (For example, in a 1993 game, Jose Canseco sustained a season-ending injury after throwing two innings.) Plus, they tend to throw in less speed. For this reason, managers will usually only use position players as pitchers in blowout losses, or if they run out of available pitchers to avoid losing (the latter usually only happens in extra-inning games). Cliff Pennington of Toronto Blue Jays, who installed 1/3 of an inning in game 4 of the 2015 Champions League Series on the way to a 14-2 loss, is the only documented player positions to pitch during the postseason. The only regulation game in which both the pitcher of record is the player's position occurred on May 6, 2012, when Baltimore Orioles' designer Chris Davis was the winner in a 16-inning game against Boston while Red Sox Outfielder Darnell McDonald's takes a loss.
After the ball is raised
The pitcher's job did not stop after he threw the ball. Unlike other actors, pitchers and catchers should start every game in the designated area. The pitcher should be on a pitcher pitch, with one leg in contact with a rubber pitcher, and the catcher should be behind the home plate in the catcher box. Once the ball is played, however, pitchers and catchers, like other field players, can respond to any part of the field required to make or assist in defensive play. At that time, pitchers have some standard roles. Pitchers should try to make the ball in the middle, and in fact the Gold Glove Award is provided for pitchers with the best agile capabilities. He has to go to first base, to get over it, on a ball that's on the right side, because the first baseman will probably put them too far into the baseman to reach the first base before the batter-runner. Except for the first baseman, the pitcher usually has the shortest run to the first base of anyone other than the first baseman, and is the second most likely person to make a putout in the first base by picking up the ball thrown by the infielder (usually the first baseman). On passing balls and wild pitches, it includes a home-plate when there is a runner. Also, he usually supports the throw to home plate. When there is a throw from the field out to third base, he should support the game to third base as well.
Promoting biomechanics
The physical action of hand-throwing is too complicated and unnatural in human anatomy. Most league pitchers throw at speeds between 70 and 100 mph, with fastballs, the most common pitch, generally ranging between 86-102mph, placing a large amount of pressure on the pitching arm. Pitchers are by far the most injured players and many professional pitchers will have multiple operations to repair damage to the elbows and shoulders at the end of their careers.
Thus, pitching biomechanics is studied in depth and taught by trainers at all levels and is an important field in sports medicine. Glenn Fleisig, a biomechanist specializing in the analysis of baseball movements, said that throwing is "the cruelest human movement ever measured." He claims that the pelvis can spin at 515-667Ã,  °/sec, the rod can rotate at 1,068-1,224Ã,  °/s, the elbows can reach a maximum angular velocity of 2,200-2,700Ã, °/s and the pulling force of the pitcher throw the arm from the shoulders when the ball release is approximately 280 pound-force (1,200  ° N).
The upper throwing movement can be divided into several phases including windup, initial cocking, late beating, early acceleration, late acceleration, deceleration, and follow-up. Training for pitchers often includes targeting one or more of these phases. Biomechanical evaluation is sometimes performed on each pitcher to help determine inefficiency points. Measurable mechanical measurements include, but are not limited to, foot position on step foot contact (SFC), elbow flexion during locking arm and acceleration phase, maximal external rotation during arm locking, horizontal abduction of SFC, arm abduction, knee position of the legs during arm cocking, trunk tilt, top speed of throwing arms and wrist angles.
Several players started intense mechanical training at a young age, a practice that has been criticized by many coaches and doctors, with some mentioning of Tommy John's increased operations in recent years. Fleisig enlisted nine recommendations for the prevention of children's weapons. 1) Note and respond to signs of fatigue. 2) Seasoned throwers should not appear competitive in more than 8 months in a 12 month period. 3) Follow the limit for number of tosses and rest days. 4) Seasoned throwers should avoid throwing multiple teams with overlapping seasons. 5) Seasoned throwers should learn good throwing mechanics as soon as possible: basic throws, fastball throws and pitching changes. 6) Avoid using radar guns. 7) A pitcher should not be a catcher for his team. The pitcher catcher combination produces many tosses and can increase the risk of injury. 8) If the pitcher complains of pain in his elbow, get an evaluation from a sports medical doctor. 9) Inspire teenagers to have fun playing baseball and other sports. The participation and enjoyment of various activities will enhance youth athleticism and interest in sports.
To deal with shoulder and elbow injuries, coaches and trainers begin to use "work" exercises, called Dr. Frank Jobe, the pioneer of Tommy John's procedure. Work is an exercise that has been developed to isolate, strengthen and stabilize the rotator cuff muscles. Work can be done either using a lightweight dumbel resistance or band. Common work exercises include external rotation of the shoulder, shoulder flexion, horizontal abduction, kidnapping and prone screening (at 45 °, 90 ° and invers 45 °).
In addition to Job training, many throwing coaches create special lift routines for pitchers. Pitchers should avoid barbell-related workouts. The emphasis on exercise should be on the feet and the core. Other body parts should be done but use lighter weight. Excessive muscle lifting, especially when throwing usually ends in tense muscles or may tear.
Tools
In addition to the catcher, pitchers and other bettors wear very little equipment. In general, ball caps, baseball gloves and cleats are the equipment used. The pitcher may also store it in a pouch of rosin powder. Handling bags apply a small layer of rosin to the pitcher's fingers to increase its grip on the ball.
Currently there is a new trend to introduce a pitcher helmet to provide head protection from the dough hitting the drive line back to the pitcher. In January 2014, MLB approved a protective bottle cap that any pitcher could use if they chose. San Diego Padres help board, Alex Torres is the first player in MLB wearing a protective cap.
One helmet style is worn over the ballcap to provide protection to the forehead and sides.
In softball, full face helmet is available to all players including pitchers. These fielder masks are becoming increasingly popular in younger lighter leagues, some leagues even need it.
See also
- Paste the machine
- List of baseball pitches
- The baseball fielding position
- Cy Young Award Winner
- List of baseball baseball leaders win leaders
- Bowler - a similar position in cricket
- American Sports Medicine Institute - Pitching Biomechanical Evaluation
References
Further reading
- Ballard, Chris; Good, Owen (October 17, 2011). "The Invisible Fastball: Six decades ago a small league pitcher achieved something we will never see again". Sports Illustrated . Retrieved October 19 2011 .
When [Kelly] Jack Swift arrived at Elkin, NC, at the end of 1951, he was not a person who knew about prospects.
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Source of the article : Wikipedia
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