Piano requires various forms of maintenance to produce the best sound. Treatment is also important for piano performance.
Video Piano maintenance
Perawatan oleh teknisi
Tuning
The owner-rewarded pianos are regularly tuned, usually every six months for domestic pianos, and always right before the show in the concert hall. The longer the piano is not aligned, the more time and effort the technician takes to return it to the right tone. When the piano is only slightly out of sync, it loses the tonal tonal quality characteristics of the newly tuned pianos, mainly because each tone in the middle and top ranges is sounded by more than one string, and this may be a bit out of sync with each other. Pianos that are more than slightly out of tune tend to be unpleasant to play and listen to, to a level that varies with the listener's ear. Tuning hammer and silent tuning are the main tools used by piano technicians. Some tuners use pure aural techniques while some tuners use electronic tuning devices. Formally-trained and experienced tuners find that the use of electronic tuning devices is not necessary, the critical elements associated with aural tuners trained are often left out by those who rely on electronic tuning devices. Consistent errors are known as the result. These devices often attract untrained operators in an effort to avoid the need for formal training.
Piano does not suit mainly due to the change of humidity. Tuning can be made safer by installing special equipment to regulate moisture, inside or under the piano. There is no evidence that being obscene permanently harms the piano itself. However, long-term high humidity/slow humidity conditions will eventually lead to cracked sound boards and locks and other wooden sections curving.
There are more and more musicians and composers who set the piano to a non-standard tune, to achieve various types of harmony that are impossible with the same 12-tone sound standard (usually found on pianos). Examples of such people are La Monte Young, Terry Riley, and Michael Harrison - to name a few. Tuning them creates unprecedented unfamiliar combinations of intervals (some large and some "micro") that lend themselves to many beautiful new harmony and interesting, scale, and texture effects are not possible in the same temperament. Of course, this brand tuning is limited by the internal structure of the instrument itself. One must be very careful because the piano can only withstand so much tension before it breaks.
Voicing
The perceived piano hammers tend to harden over time, since the touch becomes compressed by repeated clashes. They also form grooves in contact points with strings. A louder hammer produces a brighter tone quality, which can eventually become rough and undesirable. The piano technician can soften the hammer using a special tool called a voiced needle. They also occasionally use special hardening agents when the hammers are too soft (although this practice is controversial among some techies). In both cases, the important goal is the uniform tone quality in the piano, because the hammer is not used with the same frequency and therefore tends to be uneven. How much and how strong the piano is played is a factor in how often the piano is voiced, such as piano settings and player preferences.
Over time, the string will use the groove to the surface of the hammer. The groove eventually becomes deep enough, and the hammer head is flat enough, the sound can not restore the piano's tone. At this point, a technician can file the hammer, restore the original ovoid shape and their original surface at the expense of making it somewhat smaller. This process can be repeated several times, until it is not enough to feel left in the hammer for other archiving, and they must be replaced.
Rule
Over time, piano action performance tends to decline, due to compression of flavors, wooden arches, and other types of clothing. Expert technicians can return it to optimal precision, in a process called regulation , which involves adjustments ranging from turning small screws to sandpaper to wood surfaces. Many new pianos are not set perfectly when removed from the factory, or quickly lose regulation when moving into their new home, and benefit from the rules at the store or at home.
The goal of the regulation is to make a consistent piano and sound touch in all tones, allowing it to comfortably reach the widest range of dynamics possible, and to make the buttons responsive to the fastest or most smooth movements of the player.
There are many different types of rules that pianos may require. The most important include the adjustment:
- Let-off , the point when the hammer breaks away from the jack and flies freely. If the let-off is too big, it can be very difficult to reach pianissimo, to carry out fast trills, and to play a strong castle; if it is too small, the record can get "pinched," or even blocked.
- Drop , how far the hammer backs off after takeoff. This affects the action response.
- Spring repetition in the grand piano, which allows the hammer to attack repeatedly with minimal lock lock. If the spring is too flexible, it can cause a double strike; if not flexible enough, it becomes difficult to repeat the note.
- Main weight (and, in some actions, heavyweight spring) controls key inertia. Technicians can add, remove, or change lead weights in the key to change how light or heavy the keys are felt in the player.
Recovery and rebuilding
Pianos have a limited lifetime, usually measured in decades. However, different parts have different endurance: for example, on frequently used but well maintained instruments (eg in concert halls), the hammer may last less than five years while the soundboard may last fifty and more years. Regular replacement of spare parts can extend the life of the piano for decades - even without limits, as long as the piano structural support (ie frame) remains audible (and sometimes the frame can also be fixed).
In a very frequently used piano, frames and some parts of the action may remain in good condition, and piano rebuilder can restore or rebuild the instrument by replacing many components. These include strings, pinblocks, bridges, sound boards and ribs, hammers, and actions. "Recovery" implies more replacement work than simply "repair" or "maintenance", and "rebuilding" implies more intensive work than recovery. However, there is no precise definition of these terms.
Recovery is labor intensive, and therefore expensive; therefore it is generally done only if the original piano is of high quality, or the instrument has historical or sentimental value.
Maps Piano maintenance
Care by owner
Moving the piano
Moving the piano is a difficult procedure. There are risks to the piano, the risk of bodily injury to people who move the piano and others and the risk of damage to other properties. Although moving the piano may seem like a simple procedure, there is a hidden factor that unifies the procedure. Pianos are hard to move and are only moved by careful, trained, insured, and well-equipped professionals.
Upright pianos are the most popular and easier to move than the grand piano. It is driven by lifting the piano and shifting the dolly of the piano movers underneath or lifting the piano onto the doll. The dolly has a strong frame for moving and large rubber wheels for ease of movement and does not scratch the floor. The piano was moved to his new location and removed from his doll. Piano should be closed to prevent scratching or damaging.
Wheels directly attached to the piano itself are rarely used for movement, and are mainly used for cosmetic effects. For a studio piano with larger double wheels, it is only designed for short movement. When moving the studio piano outdoors directly or more than a few feet, the doll should still be used.
A grand piano is moved by closing the piano, fitting the skid board with a strong webbing, removing the lyre pedal (for not supporting the weight) followed by the left foot, and gently lowering the piano to the straight side. The lid is left protruding to the side so as not to press it. The piano is shrouded, tied and the remaining two legs removed. Additional care should be added to ensure that the piano parts that can rub against and scratch should be secured. A slip board with a piano tipped and a dolly piano drive slid down for transport to its new location, where the procedure is reversed. Unfortunately not all operators match the 'skid board' at an early stage.
Contrary to popular legend, proper piano movements do not affect tuning. Tuning is affected by moisture changes. If the piano closes properly during the move, it will not experience environmental changes as it goes from the room out and back into the room again. Pianos can be out of sync if exposed to climate change like going from a dry house to a damp house.
Humidity
Many pianos are made of wood, and therefore very sensitive to moisture fluctuations. The piano wooden board is designed to have an arch, or crown . The crown rises or decreases with the change of humidity, alters the tension on the strings and disposes the instrument out of sync. Larger moisture fluctuations can affect the regulation, and even lead to cracking. If the humidity changes are extreme, the soundboard can be curved in such a way that it can collapse and lose its crown, which may require rebuilding or replacing the instrument.
The owner of the piano can prevent this problem by controlling the humidity. Most technicians recommend indoor relative humidity in the range of 30% to 50%, kept constant. Keeping the piano away from air vents, heaters, open windows, open doors, direct sunlight, and kitchens can help prevent damage, as these are potential sources of sudden change in humidity. However, even with these precautions, weather changes can affect indoor humidity. Ideally, a piano owner would use a hygrometer along with a humidifier and/or dehumidifier and/or an air cooler/evaporative cooler to keep the room's piano humidity often used throughout the year. Piano Baldwin, a major piano manufacturer, advises to run a cool little humidifier at least eight hours a day, preferably at night or in the morning. While some technicians think that running warm air moisturizing devices may be more effective, especially in the case of very dry climates, others think that this can lead to mold formation or mushrooms inside the crown. In cases where the humidity control of the room is impractical, many piano technicians recommend a humidity control system in the piano.
Contaminants
Piano can be easily destroyed by liquid. Liquid spills can only damage the outer layer; However, if the spill reaches inside the piano, it can result in costly damage to the action or soundboard. Piano owners should protect their instruments by keeping fluids as far away as possible from the instrument. Dust between buttons can interfere with the action but can be minimized by keeping the lid closed when the instrument is not used, however, the lid should be opened at a time to ensure air circulation to prevent mold growth. In the event of a spill, immediate action should be taken by removing the key, cleaning it in a fat-cutting solution and allowing it to dry. Careful disassembly, and reassembly should be done if done by someone other than a technician.
Appearance
Pianos are fine furnishings, and in this role they benefit from cleaning and polishing, done with care to avoid ingress of fluids to the inside of the piano. For many piano touches, the dust is better removed with a duster or vacuum cleaner than a cloth, which minimizes the abrasive effect of dust. A piano technician should be consulted for recommendations on cleaning and polishing suitable products for the piano.
See also
- Registered Piano Technician
- Piano Guild Technician
References
- Arthur A. Reblitz: Piano, Tuning, and Rebuilding Service/for Professionals, Students and Hobbyists . ISBN: 0-911572-12-0) (HC), ISBNÃ, 1-879511-03-7 (Pbk.). Lanham, Maryland: The Vestal Press, 1993.
- Larry Fine, The Piano Book. ISBNÃ, 1-929145-01-2.
External links
- Piano Technicians Guild - Information on piano care and become a Registered Piano Technician.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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